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Morocco is just South of Spain, and one of the most important buildings in the country has Spanish colonial architecture features all over it, from the narrow windows to the flat roof. While the walls of the front facade are not white, the rest of the parliament buildings behind it have white walls. While the Plaza Del Lago has a red roof with white walls, just like the Spanish-style homes. The bell tower on the house looks like those of a Spanish mission church.
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vi) Kelso Hotel and Depot, Southern California
Also contributing to temperature control is the tiled flooring that runs throughout all areas of the home. Red clay tiled roofs were popular among the Spanish, and they can be seen in every country the Spanish visited. The red color comes naturally; once you heat clay to create bricks, it turns red. The Pueblo Revival employs thick walls made of real or fake adobe, with soft, slightly rounded wall edges and a smooth stucco finish mimicking the original mud finish. When there is more than one story, however, the higher ones are usually designed in a setback to look like the originals. American houses have generally reflected a strong bias toward English-inspired styles—Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, or Arts & Crafts, for instance.
Must-Have Elements of Spanish Colonial Architecture
So, what does the Spanish colonial architecture look like, and what are some examples? Christina Donnelly is a lifestyle expert writer covering stories in home décor and gardening. She also has expertise in pets, which comes from her 12 years of volunteering for animal welfare organizations, such as the ASPCA and Woodstock Farm Animal Sanctuary. Her work has appeared on Nick.com, Healthline.com, and Sharecare.com, among others.
viii) Hotel de Oriente
The Metropolitan Cathedral was built from 1563 to 1813 using a variety of styles including the Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassical. Other examples are the Palacio Nacional, the restored 18th-century Palacio de Iturbide, the 16th-century Casa de los Azulejos – clad with 18th-century blue-and-white talavera tiles, and many more churches, cathedrals, museums, and palaces of the elite. In areas that were once part of Spain, however, you can still see evidence of that centuries-long rule, particularly in place names and architecture. Today, one of the most visible reminders is Spanish-style homes that draw design elements from Spanish colonial building styles. During the Colonial Revival movement of the late 19th century, Spanish Colonial-style houses began springing up in all parts of the country, with architects reinterpreting the original design for a more modern era. Spanish revival houses may borrow flourishes from other popular American housing styles, but retain the naturalistic simplicity that is the heart of a Spanish Colonial home.
Moreover, white stucco walls reflect the heat during the day and keep the house cool. White stucco over adobe bricks gives these types of homes a smooth exterior appearance and helps reflect heat, which is why whites and light neutrals are a popular exterior color choice. Although most of the Spanish Colonial style homes in the United States today are not made from adobe, they do feature plaster or stucco walls that provide the same iconic look. Modern constructions pull from all previous periods of Spanish Revival and are often grouped together under the umbrella term “Spanish Eclectic.” These homes can have the split-level shape of a ranch house, but with terracotta roof tiles and stucco walls. Other elements that have historically been rare in Spanish-style architecture, like bay windows or brich, can be found.
In addition to specifying the location of the church, the orientation of roads that run into the main plaza as well as the width of the street with respect to climatic conditions, the guidelines also specified the order in which the city must be built. The Spanish colonial style of architecture dominated in the early Spanish colonies of North and South America, and were also somewhat visible in its other colonies. It is sometimes marked by the contrast between the simple, solid construction demanded by the new environment and the Baroque ornamentation exported from Spain.
The Different Types of Spanish-Style Houses
The new churches and mission stations, for example, aimed for maximum effect in terms of their imposition and domination of the surrounding buildings or countryside. In order for that to be achievable, they had to be strategically located – at the center of a town square (plaza) or at a higher point in the landscape. These elements are common and can also be found in almost every city and town in Spain. The doors are curved, and the windows are narrow, which are some features of Spanish colonial homes. Official buildings like the mission churches had ornamentations you rarely found in most Spanish-style homes.
Adobe bricks—which are essentially baked mud bricks—are a natural building material that have been used throughout the world for millennia. These thick bricks were used to construct equally thick walls, which served as natural insulation to keep heat out of the home. This is especially helpful in the hot, dry climate across much of the southern United States. In 1513 the monarchs wrote out a set of guidelines that ordained the conduct of Spaniards in the New World as well as that of the Indians that they found there. With regards to city planning, these ordinances had details on the preferred location of a new town and its location relative to the sea, mountains and rivers. It also detailed the shape and measurements of the central plaza taking into account the spacing for purposes of trade as well as the spacing for purposes of festivities or even military operations—occasions that involved horse-riding.
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Wood Features
Underfoot, wood flooring in Spanish Colonial homes is both practical and timeless. Flooring patterns like chevrons, parquet, or stars can be used to add personality to a space. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León claimed what is now Florida in 1513, and the first permanent Spanish settlement, St. Augustine, was established 52 years later in 1565. The first homes in St. Augustine were simple one-story rectangular structures with 2 to 4 rooms and large outdoor spaces; the core that evolved into American Spanish Colonial style.
The simple beauty of light-colored walls and wood features in Spanish Colonial houses lets architectural and decorative elements take center stage. Arches feature prominently in this style, but you might also find decorative window grilles made of wood or iron and detailed millwork. Hardware and carved doors provide additional opportunity for showcasing exquisite craftsmanship. The historic center of Mexico City is a mixture of architectural styles from the 16th century to the present.
Tiled floors were used to regulate temperatures in the house and outdoors. The design choice not only worked aesthetically, but it brought a lot of advantages. For instance, the tiles, just like the thick walls, kept the temperatures cool during the day, and at night, the absorbed heat could be emitted to make the house comfortable.
Characterized by neutral tones and natural textures, Spanish Colonial style is warm and timeless. Houses in this architectural style are common throughout southern California and Florida, since these parts of the country were settled by Spaniards and bear a similar climate to that of Spain. While most Spanish-style homes were built in the last 150 years and would fall broadly under the Spanish Revival movement, there are different styles of the revival that can be found throughout the U.S. Mexico City is a good example of how these ordinances were followed in laying out a city. Previously the capital of the Aztec empire, Tenochtitlan was captured and placed under Spanish rule in 1521. After news of the conquest, the king sent instructions very similar to the aforementioned Ordinance of 1513.
The instructions were meant to direct the conqueror—Hernán Cortés—on how to lay out the city and how to allocate land to the Spaniards. It is pointed out, however, that though the king might have sent many such orders and instructions to other conquistadores, Cortés was perhaps the first one to implement them. He insisted on carrying out the building of a new city where the Indian Empire had stood, and he incorporated features of the old plaza into the new grid. Much was accomplished since he was accompanied by men familiar with the grid system and the royal instructions. The point here is that Cortés accomplished the planning and was on his way to finish the building of Mexico City before the royal ordinances addressed specifically to him even arrived.
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